T3 Pompeii. Tower III.
According to Van der Graaff –
“Today, the twelve towers built into the Pompeian circuit are in ruins, their tall structures toppled during the earthquake of the 60s CE and the eruption of Vesuvius…………………..
Each tower consisted of three floors supported by barrel vaults and interconnected by means of rear internal stairways. A door in the back provided access to the city side, and one on either flank opened on the wall-walk. A small postern in the ground floor usually opened onto the exterior side of the defences.”
See Van der Graaff, I. (2018). The Fortifications of Pompeii and Ancient Italy. Routledge, (p.71/2). (See p.71-81 – The Towers).
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. 2017/2018/2019. Looking north to
tower from Via delle Tombe. Photo courtesy of
Giuseppe Ciaramella.
City Walls on south side of Pompeii, on east side of Tower III, on left. May 2010. Looking north. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2006. Looking north to tower from Via delle Tombe.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. 1939. Tower and curtain wall on south
side of Palaestra. (Torre e
cortina murale (a sud della Palestra).
See Notizie degli Scavi di
Antichità, 1939 p. 232, fig. 39.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. 2017/2018/2019. Looking east along Walls
towards Tower III. Photo courtesy of Giuseppe Ciaramella.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. Looking east along the city wall to the Tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. City walls and west side of tower, looking east.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. South-west corner.
According to Van der Graaff –
“Tower III displays quoins composed of opus vittatum mixtum on the surviving corners of the main chamber and a patch of brickwork on its western wall. Maiuri suggests that the quoins represent early Imperial repairs and describes Towers III, IV and V as mozzate, or chopped off, during the earthquake and never rebuilt. However, following Frohlich’s assessment of the opus vittatum mixtum technique as typical of the post-earthquake period, then much of this repair masonry likely dates to after 62 CE. (Note 97). A small patch of surviving plaster on the eastern quoin indicates that this repair work included the application of a new coat of plaster on the building. ……….”
See Van der Graaff, I. (2018). The Fortifications of Pompeii and Ancient Italy. Routledge, (p.132) and See Note 97.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011.
Looking south-east across upper remains of Tower. South-west corner, on right. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. West side of Tower, looking east. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Detail from west wall at north end. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2010. Looking east towards outer north end of west wall. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2010. Looking towards east side from west side. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Lower east wall. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking down to lower east side. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking down towards east wall of lower level. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Lower east wall. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking towards south-east corner of lower remaining level. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking south from north side towards main chamber. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2010. Looking south from north side of main chamber. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2010. Looking south-west from north side of main chamber. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower
III, Pompeii. May 2011.
Looking towards west side at lower level and upper north-west corner, on right. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking towards west side in north-west corner. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking towards north-west corner and remaining north wall. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
Tower III, Pompeii. May 2011. Looking towards upper north-west corner from east side. Photo courtesy of Ivo van der Graaff.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. South side of tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2006. South side.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. South-east corner of tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. July 2010. Looking up from below the tower. Photo courtesy of Rick Bauer.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. East side of tower.
T3 Pompeii. 1964. Looking west towards east side of Tower, on right. Photo by Stanley A. Jashemski.
Source: The Wilhelmina and Stanley A. Jashemski archive in the University of Maryland Library, Special Collections (See collection page) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License v.4. See Licence and use details.
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T3 Pompeii. Walls, Pompeii. 2017/2018/2019. Looking
west towards east side of Tower. Photo courtesy of
Giuseppe Ciaramella.
T3 Pompeii, May 2018. Looking west along city walls towards east side of Tower 3. Photo courtesy of Buzz Ferebee.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. October 2017. Looking west along city walls towards the tower.
Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. October 2017. Looking towards east side of tower.
Foto Annette Haug, ERC Grant 681269 DÉCOR
T3 Pompeii, May 2018. Looking towards Tower 3, and surrounding city walls. Photo courtesy of Buzz Ferebee.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. East side and upper part of tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2010. Walls near tower 3.
T3 and Via delle Tombe, Pompeii. 1961. Looking west along the city walls. Photo by Stanley A. Jashemski.
Source: The Wilhelmina and Stanley A. Jashemski archive in the University of Maryland Library, Special Collections (See collection page) and made available under the Creative Commons Attribution-Non-Commercial License v.4. See Licence and use details.
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T3 Pompeii. Tower III. December 2005. Looking west along city walls towards tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2006. Looking north-west towards the tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. May 2006. Looking north-west across the tower.
T3 Pompeii. Tower III. December 2005. Looking west along city walls towards tower.